Markets & Souvenirs

1. Сколько это стоит?

   Skol'ko eto stoit?

   How much does this cost?

   Usage

   The most common way to ask the price

   Grammar Note

   "Сколько" is the interrogative "how much". "Стоит" is the 3rd person singular present tense of "стоить" (to cost)

2. Можно торговаться?

   Mozhno torgovat'sya?

   Can I bargain / negotiate the price?

   Usage

   Asking if bargaining is possible

   Grammar Note

   "Можно" is an impersonal word expressing permission/possibility. "Торговаться" is a reflexive verb meaning "to haggle"

3. Я предложу меньше.

   Ya predlozhu men'she.

   I'll offer a lower price

   Usage

   When offering a lower amount during bargaining

   Grammar Note

   "Предложу" is the 1st person future of the perfective "предложить" (to offer). "Меньше" is the comparative of "мало" (little)

4. Можете сделать скидку?

   Mozhete sdelat' skidku?

   Can you give me a discount?

   Usage

   Politely asking for a discount

   Grammar Note

   "Скидку" is the accusative case of "скидка" (discount). Direct objects in Russian take the accusative case

5. Это ручная работа / местного производства?

   Eto ruchnaya rabota / mestnogo proizvodstva?

   Is this handmade / locally made?

   Usage

   Checking if the product is handmade or locally produced

   Grammar Note

   "Ручная работа" literally means "hand work". "Местного производства" uses the genitive case to express "of local production"

6. Из какого материала это сделано?

   Iz kakogo materiala eto sdelano?

   What material is this made of?

   Usage

   Asking about the material of a product

   Grammar Note

   "Из" is a preposition meaning "from/of" that governs the genitive case. "Сделано" is a short-form passive participle (neuter)

7. Можете завернуть как подарок?

   Mozhete zavernut' kak podarok?

   Can you gift-wrap this?

   Usage

   Asking for gift wrapping

   Grammar Note

   "Завернуть" is a perfective verb expressing a completed action. "Подарок" means "gift/present"

8. Где находится ночной рынок?

   Gde nakhoditsya nochnoy rynok?

   Where is the night market?

   Usage

   Asking for the location of the night market

   Grammar Note

   "Находится" is the 3rd person singular present of the reflexive verb "находиться" (to be located)

9. Можно получить чек?

   Mozhno poluchit' chek?

   Can I have a receipt?

   Usage

   Asking for a receipt after a purchase

   Grammar Note

   "Чек" is borrowed from English "check" and means receipt. "Кассовый чек" (cash register receipt) is also used

10. Какие часы работы рынка?

    Kakiye chasy raboty rynka?

    What are the market opening hours?

    Usage

    Checking the operating hours of the market

    Grammar Note

    "Рынка" is the genitive case of "рынок" (market). The genitive expresses possession and relationships

11. Я просто смотрю, спасибо.

    Ya prosto smotryu, spasibo.

    I'm just looking, thank you

    Usage

    Letting the seller know you're just browsing

    Grammar Note

    "Смотрю" is the 1st person singular present of "смотреть" (to look). "Спасибо" is the most common "thank you" in Russian

12. Вы принимаете оплату картой?

    Vy prinimayete oplatu kartoy?

    Do you accept card payment?

    Usage

    Asking if card payment is accepted

    Grammar Note

    "Картой" is the instrumental case of "карта" (card). Russian uses the instrumental case to express means or method

13. Я покупаю это в качестве сувенира для кого-то.

    Ya pokupayu eto v kachestve suveníra dlya kogo-to.

    I'm buying this as a souvenir for someone

    Usage

    Explaining you're buying something as a souvenir for someone

    Grammar Note

    "В качестве" is an idiomatic phrase meaning "as/in the capacity of". "Сувенира" takes the genitive case after "в качестве"

14. Это можно отправить за границу?

    Eto mozhno otpravit' za granitsu?

    Can this be shipped internationally?

    Usage

    Asking if the item can be shipped abroad

    Grammar Note

    "За границу" (accusative) means "going abroad". "За границей" (instrumental) means "being abroad". Both are common idioms

15. Что у вас самое лучшее?

    Chto u vas samoye luchsheye?

    What's your best item?

    Usage

    Asking for the seller's best or recommended product

    Grammar Note

    "У вас" is the "у + genitive" construction expressing possession. "Самое лучшее" is the absolute superlative form

16. Цена договорная?

    Tsena dogovornaya?

    Is this price negotiable?

    Usage

    Directly asking if the price is open to negotiation

    Grammar Note

    "Договорная" is an adjective (feminine) from "договор" (contract/agreement). "Цена договорная" is an idiomatic phrase meaning "price by negotiation"

17. У вас есть другой размер?

    U vas yest' drugoy razmer?

    Do you have a different size?

    Usage

    Asking for a different size

    Grammar Note

    Russian expresses "to have" using "у + genitive + есть + object". "Размер" shares roots with "measure"

18. Это слишком дорого.

    Eto slishkom dorogo.

    This is too expensive

    Usage

    Expressing that the price is too high

    Grammar Note

    "Дорого" is the short/adverb form of "дорогой" (expensive). This form is natural when used as a predicate

19. Соль

    Sol'

    Salt

    Usage

    Point at this to find salt at a market or supermarket

20. Сахар

    Sa-khar

    Sugar

    Usage

    Point at this to find sugar at a market or supermarket

21. Чёрный перец

    Chyor-nyy pe-rets

    Black pepper

    Usage

    "Chyornyy" distinguishes it from fresh chili, "perets chili"

22. Растительное масло

    Ras-ti-tel'-no-ye mas-lo

    Cooking oil

    Usage

    "Maslo" alone also means butter, so "rastitelnoye" pins it to cooking oil

23. Уксус

    Uk-sus

    Vinegar

    Usage

    Point at this to find vinegar

24. Сливочное масло

    Sli-voch-no-ye mas-lo

    Butter

    Usage

    "Slivochnoye" distinguishes butter from cooking oil

25. Сыр

    Syr

    Cheese

    Usage

    Point at this to find cheese

26. Мёд

    Myod

    Honey

    Usage

    Point at this to find honey

27. Йогурт

    Yo-gurt

    Yogurt

    Usage

    Point at this to find yogurt

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